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In Ferguson, Mo., A City Meets The Spotlight

Demonstrators protesting the shooting death of Michael Brown listen as rapper, Nelly, speaks.
Joe Raedle Getty Images
Demonstrators protesting the shooting death of Michael Brown listen as rapper, Nelly, speaks.

Jesse Jackson talks with NBC Nightly News anchor Brian Williams.
Gene Demby NPR
Jesse Jackson talks with NBC Nightly News anchor Brian Williams.

A makeshift memorial to Brown near the spot where he was shot and killed by a police officer.
Gene Demby NPR
A makeshift memorial to Brown near the spot where he was shot and killed by a police officer.

Ferguson, Etefia Umana says, is in some ways "a media fiction."

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We're sitting in the offices of Better Family Life, an organization that provides social services to people in the area. Umana chairs its board, and lives in Ferguson.

It's not that the municipality of Ferguson doesn't exist — it has a mayor, a school board, and what is now a nationally scrutinized police force. But to a lot of the folks who live in Ferguson, it may as well just be St. Louis, the city that abuts them and that gives their county its name. Ferguson is so small, and St. Louis so close, that you might drive into the city and not even know you'd crossed a border.

Umana said that it struck him as odd that the story of the shooting of Michael Brown, and the subsequent confrontations between police, had mobilized so much activist energy; indeed, over and over, folks told me that St. Louis doesn't have a history of civil disobedience, especially around issues of race.

"I think the fact that St. Louis is the catalyst for a nationwide conversation is highly ironic," says a fellow who does grassroots engagement in the area. "It's not where St. Louis typically is."

The same day I spoke to him, an editorial in the St. Louis Post-Dispatch about the relative inactivity around racial issues in the region — it's one of the most segregated metro areas in the country — made pretty much the same claim. "We are the descendants of those who stayed behind when bolder people opened the West," echoing the local columnist Bill McClellan. "Complacency is in our marrow."

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But the hullabaloo — international media, National Guard, federal agents — has upended the lives of local residents. As we talked, word came from Umana's wife that the police were starting to shut down the streets near their house and that he should head home soon. His son, also named Etefia, is home from college. He said they would need valid identification, with an address that showed they lived in the area, to get past the checkpoints after a certain hour.

And what if you don't have it? I asked.

"Then you're S.O.L," the younger Etefia said.

Over on Canfield Dr., the street where Michael Brown was shot, a woman named Cherethia Saulsberry says it usually took her about five minutes to get out of the subdivision to get on the road to work. Now, because of the checkpoints and the traffic, it took her a half-hour. She was sitting outside on a chair on the sidewalk, near a makeshift memorial for Michael Brown in the middle of the street.

There wasn't a lot of street traffic when my colleague Shereen Marisol Meraji was there, although cars had to slow down and hug the curb to get around the shrine, and many honked in solidarity. There were a few dozen folks milling around on this absurdly humid day. Members of Alpha Phi Alpha, a black fraternity, are chatting folks up, registering people to vote. And there's Jesse Jackson.

One dude walks up to Jackson and daps him up. "Reverend Al!" he says. "What up!" Everyone snickers. Jackson does not correct him.

There were a few tables with A Better Family Life workers handing out water, food, and counseling services. "The people here saw a man's body lying in the street for four hours," one worker who identified himself as Bishop V-Luv told me. I don't care who you are, he said, that does something to you.

Saulsberry agreed with what other folks said: this is not the kind of place where people protest. I asked her what was it like, then, to have all this activist energy suddenly cohere in her neighborhood.

"It makes me scared" — because of the tear gas and rubber bullets — "but also proud," she said.

As we talked, more people began to trickle onto Canfield. Some of them took pictures of the makeshift memorial. They were mostly under 30, it seemed.

Saulsberry tells me about her daughter Mya, who just graduated from Missouri's Culver-Stockton College, and who spent part of the semester in California with Angela Davis. The tragedy in Ferguson has activated young people like her Mya, she says.

On cue, Mya materializes, holding a sign. "I never thought I'd have to practice civil disobedience so soon," she says. She's been at most of the rallies and protests. "If I'm not at work, I'm out here in these Ferguson streets."

Though everyone is exceedingly polite on Canfield, some folks said there are some tensions. "There's a generational divide," says Demetrius Upchurch, a high school teacher from a few towns over who's here with his four-year-old son, Aiden. He's visiting some family; his 85-year-old grandfather lives near the spot where Michael Brown was killed. Upchurch says his grandfather is scared. "Old people don't understand younger people, and younger people don't understand older people."

He says he tries to keep it real with his students about the police, and to let them know they can talk to him. He tells us a story from a few months back about how his son and fianceé saw him roughed up and thrown on the ground by some local police officers. He says it's important for leadership to come from the generations raised on hip-hop, "not just some old Christian pastor who was around when Martin Luther King was around." The allusion to Jackson is not missed.

But the hip-hop generation is here too, of course. J. Cole, whose song "Be Free" — a reaction to Michael Brown's killing — has been getting passed around since he posted it on his blog, shows up a little later on Canfield in a spiffy custom van with a black Navigator up front, probably for security. A crowd gathers around him. Cole has gotten some props for being present but not courting the spotlight, and here he's mostly chatting folks up and talking. (J. Cole is Mya's favorite rapper, and she freaked out when she got to meet him a few days before. "That made your superficial love for him more real?" Saulsberry asked her daughter. "Um, my love is not superficial," Mya says.)

Everyone on Canfield is exceedingly friendly. But people say the vibe changes completely after dark, when the police are out in more force, and tensions start to flare. Bishop D-Luv tells me that after those standoffs between the police and the people who are out marching, the folks in the neighborhood clean up.

"Eventually the television cameras and news reporters left Dallas and New Orleans," the Post-Dispatch editorial says. "They will leave St. Louis, too, along with the visiting civil rights firemen, the outside hell-raisers and the self-anointed experts. The ubiquitous #Ferguson hashtag will fade. We will be left to work this out on our own."

Brian Williams of NBC News shows up, boom mic and camera crew in tow. People gather around to take pictures. As Jackson and Williams talk — Jackson explicating, using his hands, Williams head-down, listening, with his brow furrowed — I snap a photo of them talking.

It wasn't until later that I noticed the cameraman was stepping on the memorial to Michael Brown.

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