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Resistance: They Fought Back

Jews from the Lodz Ghetto (undated photo)
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Jews from the Lodz Ghetto (undated photo)

Monday, Jan. 27, 2025 at 10 p.m. on KPBS TV / PBS app

"Resistance: They Fought Back," a feature documentary about Jewish resistance, community and strength during the Holocaust, premieres on International Holocaust Remembrance Day, Monday, Jan. 27, 2025

Even in Nazi death camps, Jews rebelled. None of these uprisings succeeded, but many saved lives either by destroying the ovens or because Germans shut down the camps for fear that word of the uprisings would spread.

Told by survivors, their children, and expert witnesses from the U.S., Israel, and Europe, "Resistance: They Fought Back" is a revelation based on extensive research ofhow the Jews of Europe fought back against the Nazis. It uncovers evidence of non-violent methods that served as crucial tools of resistance and evolved into Jewish armed revolts in ghettos, forests and death camps, even as the odds of success were vanishingly small.

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The Warsaw Ghetto Uprising was the first armed battle against the Germans, though far from the only one. Some type of armed resistance was found in most ghettos, and, as was the case in Warsaw, many people participated.

Today, almost 80 years after the Holocaust, this story remains largely unknown with many believing that “Jews went to their deaths like sheep to the slaughter.” But this is where the real story begins. Jews did not go as sheep to the slaughter. They fought back. Filmed in Poland, Lithuania, Latvia, Israel, and the U.S., the film provides a much-needed corrective to the myth of Jewish passivity.

Children were among the most tragic victims in the Holocaust. Professor Michael Berenbaum of American Jewish University speaks zof Janusz Korczak, a physician who ran an orphanage in the Warsaw Ghetto and died with the children when they were transported to Treblinka. Do we say he went to his death as sheep to the slaughter?

Executive Producer and Co-Director Paula S. Apsell, former executive producer of the PBS science series NOVA, recounts: “I was on location in Lithuania when anarchaeological team led by the late Professor Richard Freund discovered a tunnel in the Ponary killing site in Lithuania, where Nazis and their Lithuanian collaborators murdered 100,000 people, including 70,000 Jews. The Germans, fearing their war crimes would be known, brought in 80 remaining Jews to exhume and burn the bodies of those they had murdered. Those Jews, knowing they would be the next victims, decided to try to escape by digging a tunnel. Of the 80 Jewish prisoners that dug the tunnel, 12 succeeded in making it into the forest where Jewish partisans were waiting. I had not previously known anything about this heroic tunnel escape or other examples of Jewish resistance during the Holocaust, except for the Warsaw Ghetto Uprising, so I embarked on a quest to uncover what are, to most of us, lost chapters of history. This evolved into the feature documentary ''Resistance: They Fought Back.'”

Many groups of Jews escaped the ghettos to fight in the forests, denying these areas to Germans.

Watch on Your Schedule: "Resistance: They Fought Back" will be available to stream on all station-branded PBS platforms, including PBS.org and the PBS app, available on iOS, Android, Roku streaming devices, Apple TV, Android TV, Amazon Fire TV, Samsung Smart TV, Chromecast and VIZIO.

Because men could so easily be identified as Jews, women played an outsized role in the Jewish resistance, risking their lives daily to procure arms and rescue other Jews. One of those female resistance fighters was Bela Hazan.

Credits: Executive produced and co-directed by Paula Apsell and Kirk Wolfinger and executive produced by Professor Michael Berenbaum, Michael J Bohnen, Ori and Mirit Eisen, the late Professor Richard A. Freund, and Richard A. Salomon. A production of Leading Edge Productions, Inc., in association with Lone Wolf Media, distributed for broadcast to PBS.

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