The film opens with Moliere (Romain Duris) returning to Paris after successfully touring the provinces with his farces. Now faced with an opportunity to perform for royalty, Moliere feels the need to perform a tragedy, which he apparently loved more than doing farce. But everyone urges him to do what he does best--a farce. This prompts the film to jump back in time some thirteen years to when Moliere was on the run from creditors, and in danger of serving prison time for the debt. But then fate steps in and he's hired by Monsieur Jourdain (Fabrice Luchini), a wealthy bourgeois gentleman in need of assistance in winning the affection of a beautiful marquise (Ludivine Sagnier). Moliere assumes the name Tartuffe (which would later be the name of one of his most successful plays) and the identity of a priest so that he can work with Jourdain and not incur the suspicions of Jourdain's wife Elmire (Laura Morante).