Updated at 1:11 a.m. ET, Feb. 29
The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention announced late Friday that it is "aware of four new presumptive cases of COVID-19."
The new cases were reported in:
- California (another possible instance of community spread),
- Oregon (that state's first possible case of community spread),
- and Washington (two cases — one that may be travel-related and another that may be community spread).
Officials are responding as if the cases were confirmed; the results are still pending from CDC tests.
Meanwhile, the World Health Organization said the risk that COVID-19 will spread and have a global impact is now "very high," raising its assessment for the coronavirus disease that's now been found in more than 50 countries.
As of Monday, cases of COVID-19 had been found in just 29 countries. But thousands more diagnoses were confirmed this week, including two spikes that were tied to Italy and Iran.
"Outside China, there are now 4,351 cases in 49 countries, and 67 deaths," WHO Director-General Tedros Adhanom Ghebreyesus said in a briefing Friday morning. "Since yesterday, Denmark, Estonia, Lithuania, Netherlands and Nigeria have all reported their first cases."
Tedros said, "We have now increased our assessment of the risk of spread and the risk of impact of COVID-19 to very high at a global level."
Dr. Michael Ryan, executive director of the WHO Health Emergencies Program, said he's encouraged by signs that the coronavirus can be contained – and he cites that as one reason the outbreak shouldn't be called a pandemic.
The new risk assessment, Ryan said, "is not in order to alarm or scare people. That is to get countries to understand" that when they get their first case of the coronavirus, they have the ability to control its spread.
With the outbreak now roughly two months old, no country should be caught off-guard by the virus, Ryan said.
"This is a reality check for every government on the planet: Wake up, get ready," Ryan said. "This virus may be on its way, and you need to be ready. You have a duty to your citizens, you have a duty to the world, to be ready."
Many of the latest cases have links to Italy, which is now believed to have exported two dozen COVID-19 cases to 14 other countries, Tedros said.
The tally of cases there has grown at an alarming rate this week. Italy had 229 cases as of midday Monday. In an update late Friday, the country's Ministry of Health said 888 people have been infected with the respiratory virus, including 531 in the Lombardy region.
New cases have also been confirmed in countries in the Middle East and Northern Africa, several of them linked to people who had traveled to Iran. Tedros says 97 COVID-19 cases have been exported from Iran to 11 other countries.
South Korea has also seen a dramatic rise, with 2,337 cases now confirmed — an increase of more than 570 cases in just 24 hours. On Monday, South Korea's Centers for Disease Control and Prevention had reported 977 cases. The country says 13 people have died.
Even as he raised a new alarm over COVID-19, Tedros also said he's still hopeful that the novel coronavirus that emerged in Wuhan, China, months ago can be contained. Epidemiologists and health agencies, he noted, have been able to trace most cases to known clusters or contacts who were infected.
"We do not see evidence as yet that the virus is spreading freely in communities," the WHO director-general said. "As long as that's the case, we still have a chance of containing this virus, if robust action is taken to detect cases early, isolate and care for patients and trace contacts."
Tedros also said early Friday that China had reported just 329 cases in the past 24 hours — the lowest rate in more than a month for the country whose Hubei province, where Wuhan is located, had been the center of the outbreak.
The challenge for epidemiologists and health professionals is to "break the chains of transmission" so they can contain it, Tedros said.
Researchers are also working to create an effective treatment for COVID-19. Tedros said more than 20 vaccines are being developed worldwide, with some already in clinical trials. The first results could come in the next few weeks, he said.
Tedros also emphasized that people can protect themselves from the new coronavirus and other illnesses by washing their hands regularly with soap and water, or using an alcohol-based hand rub. And he urged anyone who's either experiencing symptoms of illness or at heightened risk for respiratory problems to limit their contact with others.
"Our greatest enemy right now is not the virus itself. It's fear, rumors and stigma," Tedros said. "And our greatest assets are facts, reason and solidarity."
COVID-19 has caused more than 2,800 deaths, and there are more than 83,000 cases of the new coronavirus worldwide — the majority of them in China. Some 37,000 people have recovered from the disease.
Citing the work of a joint WHO-Chinese research team in China, the WHO said earlier this week that the fatality rate for COVID-19 is "between 2% and 4% in Wuhan, and 0.7% outside Wuhan."
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