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NOVA: Ancient Maya Metropolis

Maya pyramid at Lamanai Belize with sunlight from angle.
Courtesy of Zoot Pictures Inc./Ivan Hughes
Maya pyramid at Lamanai Belize with sunlight from angle.

Stream now with the PBS app / Watch Wednesday, July 30, 2025 at 11 p.m. on KPBS TV

More than a thousand years ago, the ancient ancestors of today’s Maya people thrived in large sophisticated cities across Central America. At their peak, some housed over 100,000 inhabitants and were among the biggest cities anywhere in the world. They were hubs of trade, art, and writing, where Maya rulers commissioned magnificent pyramids and palaces. But beginning around 750 CE, many of the great Maya cities were abandoned, only to be reclaimed by the jungle.

The ancient ancestors of today’s Maya people thrived in large sophisticated cities across Central America for centuries. Why, around 750 CE, did they begin to abandon many of their major cities? Archaeologists investigate dramatic new evidence of the catastrophic droughts and instability that pushed cities beyond their limits.

On NOVA "Ancient Maya Metropolis," learn how archaeologists are using new technology and recently uncovered evidence to try to find out why the era of the Maya metropolis came to an end. Did catastrophic droughts cause widespread crop failures? Did political infighting destabilize the region?

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LIDAR technology reveals that, in 700 C.E., the ancient Maya city of Caracol was one of the largest in the world.

An extraordinary “diary” of warfare between three cities adds vivid new detail to our understanding of a major shift in the ancient Maya world. The evidence also testifies to the survival and resilience of the Maya people, whose traditions and creativity continue to enrich the world today.

“The contemporary Maya people still practice not only Maya traditions, but Mesoamerican traditions," anthropologist Iyaxel Coteji Ren told NOVA. "It's one of the traits that distinguish Maya culture."

Watch On Your Schedule: NOVA "Ancient Maya Metropolis" is available to stream with the PBS app. Watch the best of PBS anytime, anywhere on the free PBS app. Stream your favorite PBS shows on-demand and livestream shows from your local station, all from your favorite device.

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